Historical Events 1700 Population of England and Scotland about
8 million. Commode becomes popular. 1701 Captain Kidd hanged for piracy. 1703 Peter the Great builds St. Petersburg. 1705 Edmund Halley predicts return of comet. 1706 Benjamin Franklin born. 1709 First Copyright Act in Britain. 1711 The Spectator launched. Clarinet introduced into orchestra. 1712 Last execution for witchcraft in Britain. 1714 Gabriel Fahrenheit constructs mercury thermometer. 1718 First English bank note. 1719 First cricket match. 1720 Spain occupies Texas. 1721 Bach composes the Brandenburg Concertos. Madame de Pompadour born. 1724 Longman's, England's oldest extant publishing house, founded. 1725 Giovanni Giacomo Casanova de Seingalt born. 1726 Swift writes Guilder's Travels. Vivaldi composes The Four Seasons. 1732 George Washington born. 1734 First horserace in America. 1735 John Peter Zenger trial in New York on freedom of the press. 1738 Joseph Guillotin, inventor of guillotine, born. 1740 Frederick the Great ascends throne of Prussia. 1742 Anders Celsius invents centigrade thermometer.
Handel's Messiah first performed. 1751 Canada's first newspaper, Halifax Gazette,
launched. 1752 Britain adopts Gregorian calendar. Franklin invents lightning rod. 1755 Samuel Johnson publishes dictionary, Lisbon
earthquake kills 30,000. 1756 British soldiers die in Black Hole of Calcutta. Mozart born. 1759 British capture Quebec from French.
Generals Wolfe and Montcalm killed. Voltaire writes Candide. 1760 Josiah Wedgwood founds pottery works. Rules
of whist written according to Edmund Hoyle. 1762 Rousseau writes The Social
Contract. 1764 Death of Madame de Pompadour. James Hargreaves
patents Spinning Jenny 1765 British pass Stamp Act. 1766 Mason–Dixon line surveyed. 1768 Royal Academy of London founded, 1769 James Watt patents steam engine. 1770 Boston Massacre. Thomas Gainsborough paints Blue Boy. 1771 First Encyclopaedia Britannica. 1773 Boston Tea Party 1775 American Revolution begins. 1776 Declaration of Independence signed.
James Gibbon writes The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire.
Adam Smith writes Wealth of Nations. 1777 Stars and Stripes adopted as official flag of the United States. 1778 James Cook discovers Hawaii. 1779 First Derby run at Epson. 1783 Montgolfier brothers' first balloon flight. 1786 Mozart composes The Marriage of Figaro. Robert Burns publishes poems. 1788 U.S. Constitution ratified. 1789 Mutiny on the Bounty. Washington inaugurated. French Revolution begins. 1791 James Boswell completes Life of Samuel Johnson. Bill of Rights adopted. 1793 Louis xvi and Marie Antoinette guillotined. Eli Whitney invents cotton
gin. 1794 U.S. Navy created. 1795 Metric system adopted in France. 1796 Napoleon Bonaparte marries Josephine. Edward Jenner's first vaccination
for smallpox. 1798 Thomas Robert Malthus publishes essay on population. Casanova dies. 1799 Beethoven composes first symphony. George Washington dies.
Literature
William Blake (1757–1827)
Robert Burns (1759–1796)
Daniel Defoe (1661–1731)
Henry Fielding (1707–1754)
Benjamin Franklin (1706–1790)
Edward Gibbon (1737–1794)
Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (1749–1832)
Oliver Goldsmith (1728–1774)
David Hume (1711–1776)
Thomas Jefferson (1743–1826)
Samuel Johnson (1709–1784)
Immanuel Kant (1724–1804)
Montesquieu (Charles–Louis de Secondat) (1689–1755)
Thomas Paine (1737–1809)
Alexander Pope (1688–1744)
Samuel Richardson (1689–1761)
Jean Jacques Rousseau (1712–1778)
Adam Smith (1723–1790)
Tobias Smollett (1721–1771)
Jonathan Swift (1667–1745)
Voltaire (1694–1778)
Music
C.P.E. Bach (1714–1788)
Johann Sebastian Bach (1685–1750)
Ludwig van Beethoven (1770–1827)
Luigi Boccherini (1743–1805)
Luigi Cherubini (1760–1842)
Domenico Cimarosa (1749–1801)
Francois Couperin (1668–1733)
John Gaye (1685–1732)
C. W. Gluck (1714–1787)
George Frederick Handel (1685–1759;
Joseph Haydn (1732–1809)
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (1756–1791)
Giovanni Pergolesi (1710–1736)
J. P. Rameau (1683–1764)
Domenico Scarlatti (1685–1757)
G. P. Telemann (1681–1767)
Antonio Vivaldi (ca. 1675–1741)
Fine Arts
Bernardo Belletto (1720–1780)
William Blake (1757–1827)
FranQois Boucher (1703–1770)
Canaletto (Antoino Canale) (1697–1768)
Antonio Canova (1757–1822)
Jean–Baptiste Chardin (1699–1779)
John Singleton Copley (1738–1815)
Jacques–Louis David (1748–1825)
Jean Fragonard (1732–1806)
Thomas Gainsborough (1727–1788)
Louis Girodet (1767–1824)
Francisco Goya (1746–1828)
Jean–Baptiste Greuze (1725–1805)
Antoine–Jean Gros (1771–1835)
Francesco Guardi (1712–1793)
William Hogarth (1696–1764)
Giovanni Piranesi (1720–1778)
Pierre Prud'hon (1785–1823)
Sir Joshua Reynolds (1723–1796)
Thomas Rowlandson (1756–1827)
Gilbert Stuart (1755–1828)
Giovanni Tiepolo (1696–1770)
Antoine Watteau (1684–1721)
Benjamin West (1738–1820)
Graphic Arts
John Baskerville (1706–1775)
Thomas Bewick (1753–1828)
Giambattista Bodoni (1740–1813)
William Bowyer (1663–1737)
William Caslon (1692–1767)
Firmin Didot (1764–1836)
Francois Didot (1730–1804)
Brian Donkin (1768–1855)
Henry Fourdrinier (1766–1854)
Sealy Fourdrinier (d. 1847)
Pierre–Simon Fournier (1712–1768)
Benjamin Franklin (1706–1790)
Nicholas Louis Robert (1761–1828)
Aloys Senefelder (1771–1834)
